08
2017
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11
Understanding Pig Health and Diseases Establishing a Pig Health Control System
What is a healthy group? It can be summed up in one sentence: the group that spends the least money and makes the most money is the healthy group, and the group that costs too much but makes too little money or does not earn or even pays the old cost is the unhealthy group.
What does it mean to be sick or not? To understand whether the economic benefits are really lost, no pig farm in the country dares to say that its group is disease-free. For some diseases, people have to bow their heads after years of competition with them, and can only strive to control it to an acceptable level and coexist peacefully with diseases, such as Escherichia coli. If you are determined to eliminate it and establish a group without pathogens, it seems not very rational. In addition, for PRRS virus, pseudorabies virus, ring virus, etc., once infected, it is difficult to completely purify the group in practice (that is, common infectious pleuropneumonia, eperythrozoon, etc., it is also difficult to exclude clean up of).
Disease is a very complex subject, pig health control or disease control, people will have different understandings about it, for example, traditional family backyard farmers, large-scale pig production farm managers, pig farm veterinarians, rural veterinarians, laboratory tests staff, government officials, sales staff of breeding pig companies, etc. What counts as a disease? Is there death, clinical symptoms, anatomical pathological changes, positive serological results, evidence of the discovery of pathogenic microorganisms, or is there a decline in production performance or expected economic indicators that cannot be achieved? The nature of disease presented to us is like seeing flowers in a fog, sometimes simple and clear, such as swine erysipelas, yellow and white dysentery; sometimes intricate, such as pseudorabies, blue-ear disease, circovirus, etc.; sometimes there is disguise, the same disease. Showing different symptoms, such as now sporadic atypical swine fever, etc. The effect of the disease presented to us may be acute, subacute or chronic, and now the most common one is the mixing of multiple pathogens, or conversely, although you can monitor many positive pigs in the laboratory , but found that there were no corresponding clinical symptoms in the field at that time. These phenomena confuse our understanding of this issue. Because what people have at their disposal is only a small part of the total situation in a given environment, different opinions and confusion arise. It is precisely because of this difficulty in grasping that we should establish our pig health control system so as not to let ourselves be troubled by this confusion.
At present, many diseases in pig farms can be called management diseases, which occur due to poor management and can be controlled due to improved management. For hog producers, any unbalanced production caused by any factor, resulting in higher operating costs and lower economic benefits, should be regarded as unhealthy. These factors may be pathogenic microorganisms, climate or environment, nutrition, parasites, stress, genetics or feeding management, or any combination of these factors.
There is only one reason for general pig farms to do a good job of health control, and that is to prevent economic losses. This loss is manifested in two aspects: the production performance of the pigs is reduced; For breeding farms (companies), in addition to the above reasons, there are three main reasons: first, to protect customers from potentially economically damaging diseases brought about by purchasing their own breeding pigs; second, to Reduces the chance that customer farms will be closed or discontinued due to disease outbreaks and will not be able to continue selling; furthermore, unhealthy herd performance will reduce the accuracy of the data they conduct on-farm genetic testing and herd selection, making it difficult to ensure genetic progress .
Today, most intensive hog producers are more aware of the importance of maintaining herd health. This kind of understanding is very different from finding a veterinarian when there is a problem in the past. With a deeper improvement, there is a new understanding compared to the original "prevention first" statement. In practice, it is difficult for any large and medium-sized pig farm to avoid health problems, but it cannot bear the pressure of economic losses brought about by the continuous emergence of health problems. degree. How to put the factors that must be considered in routine practice under effective monitoring requires a health control system within the farm to help achieve this.
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